Charlott f



(No Model.)

C. P. BINDER, Decd. C. F. B1NnER,Admimsnratrix. PROCESS of EXTRAGTING OIL. No. 434,696. Patented Aug. 19, '1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENTv OFF-ICE.

CHARLES FREDERICK BINDER, OF EDGEVOOD, GEORGIA; CHARLOTT Fi' BINDER ADMINISTRATRIX OF SAID CHARLES F. BINDER, DECEASED.

PROCESS OF -EXTRACTING OIL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 434,696, dated August 19, 1890.

Application filed November 13, 1886. Serial No. 218,825. (No model.)Y

To aZZ whom t may concern.- it accumulates. The latter process, however, Be it known that I, CHARLES FREDERICK besides separating the oilorgrease from other BINDER, a citizen of the United States, residsubstances containedin the digester, dissolves ing at Edgewood, in the county of DeKalb the gelatine matter, which is consequently 5 and State of Georgia,have invented a new and drawn ott with the Water, and with it any 55 useful Process for Preparing Animal or Vegenitrogenous matter that it may contain, leavtable Substances for the Extraction of Oil; ing as refuse, if this process is continued, only and I do hereby declare the following to be a calcium-phosphate. y

full, clear, and exact description of the inven- It is the purpose of my invention to liquefy ro tion, such as will enable others skilled in the the oil in the-cells and open them, by reason 6o art to which it appel-rains to make and use the of which the oil or grease will be more easily same, reference being had to the accom'paexpressed and at the same time minimize the nying drawings, and to letters of reference amount of the water of condensation. I acmarked thereon, which form a part ot this complish this result in various Ways, several i5 specification. of which I illustrate in the accompanying 65 It is my object by this invention to so inidrawings. It may, however, be accomplished prove the process of preparing oil-producing in other ways, the discovery being the introvegetable and animal substances as to induction of dry steam and its escape before crease the value of the product by increasingr condensation, heating and expanding the celzo the quality of the oil or grease and also its lulartissue, and providing for the more ready 7o quantity, by reason of which the quantity of extraction of the oil by pressure. An excess residuum is reduced and its percentage of ot moisture also is driven out-oi:l the material nitrogen increased. bythe use of very dry or superheated steam My improvement consists in applying the or by the application of external heat by either z 5 dry or superheated steam directly to the maa steam-jacket around the vessel in which the 75 terial from which the oil is to be extracted material is treated or by other means; but it for a sufficient length of time only to open the is not necessary to apply external heat in any cil-cells, when the material is taken to any' case if the steam is of suiiiciently high temapproved press and the oil extracted by pressperature.

3o ure. In continuing the application of steam In the. accompanying drawings, Figure l is 8o to the material for a sufficient length of time a longitudinal vert-ical section of the preferred to open the oil-cells the material is sufficiently apparatus in case a continuous supply of heated to liquefy the oil or grease. heated and expanded material is required;

The most approved practice has heretofore and Fig. 2 isa section on the line X X, Fig.

3 5 been, in preparing animal fat or oleaginous l. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 are modifications show- 85 seeds for the extraction of oil by pressure, to ing other ways in which the process may be heat them sufficiently by any nieans-genercarried out. ally in asteam-jacketed vessel-t0 liquefy the In the figures, similar reference-marks reoil or grease, thus rendering its expression ferring to like parts in the several figures, A

4o more easy by reason of its greater fluidity. represents a box or casing; B, a perforated 9o This system, however, of heating the subcylinder attached to the shaft C and driven i stance from which oil or grease is to be exby a pulley or gear. traeted by dry heat has but the one advantage D is a spout through which the material to of rendering the oil or grease more fluid, while be acted on is put into the cylinder. The in- 45 it has the disadvantage of closing the oil-cells. ner end of the spout D, which enters the eyl- 95 It has also been customary to subject animal inder, does not project sufficiently therein to fatto the direct action of steam in a digester come in contact with the arms a a, projecting until the water of condensation shall have diradially from the shaft C and supporting said gested the material and loated the oil on the cylinder. The spout therefore does not in 5o top, whence it may be drawn oft by cocks as any way interfere with the revolution of lsaid roo cylinder. If desired, an inwardlyprojecting annular flange b may be placed in the end of the cylinder Ato prevent any of the material falling therefrom as it leaves the spout. The revolution of the cylinder will tend to level the material, by reason of which it will be carried toward the end of the cylinder opposite the spout E, whence it will be discharged through the spout E. The sides of vthe outer easing should be close to the perforated cylinder in order that the steam in rising will pass through the material to be treated. It is obvious that the more rapidly the cylinder runs the more rapidly the material will be discharged from the cylinder.

F is an inletpipe for the steam, and is provided with a valve G to govern the amount of steam that will pass through it.

H is a valve to draw off any Water that may condense in the pipes while standing, in ord er that nothing but dry steam shall be admitted.

K is a Waste-steam pipe to carry oif any steam or other vapor which may rise from the material in the cylinder.

L is a pipe for the escape of any water that may come from the steam-pipe F or that may condense in the bottom of the case A. The pipe L is preferably bent to form a steamtrap to prevent the escape of steam. The steam-pipe F discharges its steam through the perforations f in the pipe for the purpose of distributing the steam through nearly the e11- tire length ofthe case.

Figs. 3 and 4 are the same as Figs. l and 2, except that the shaft M is a pipe and is provided with perforations through which to discharge the steam into the interior of the perforated cylinder. The inlet-pipe, which is connected to this hollow shaft, should be pro` vided with a valve I-I, the same as in Fig. l, to draw olf any condensed water that might be in the pipes.

In Figs. 5 and 6 a car N with a perforated bottom S is shown that is filled with material to be treated and is run into the box, and after being heated is run out and discharged. The inlet andoutlet pipes of this box are similar to those shown in Figs. l and 2.

By using superheated steam not only will the oil be more highly heated and run more freely, but the addition of water to the material or to the oil is avoided. Then moisture or water is admitted, as is the case if wet steam be employed, a portion of the oil takes the form of an emulsion, and cannot be readily recovered in the form of oil by the subsequent pressing operation. Moreover, such excess of moisture lowers the grade of the residuum for fertilizing purposes, whereas when produced by my process the residunm will be materially higher in ammonia. The superheated steam also acts to modify or separate the tarry matter in the oil, so that it will rcmain in the cake when the oil is expressed.

It is found by experience that by the application of steam as herein described from live to fifteen per cent. more oil or grease will be liberated and the bulk of refuse be reduced by that amount of matter, none of which is nitrogenous, and the percentage of nitrogen in the refuse is thereby increased, making it more valuable for fertilizing purposes.

I am aware that it has been proposed to introduce steam or other moistening agents among oleaginous seeds for the purpose of softening their outer covering, and thus facilitating the extraction of oil therefrom, as described in the patent to Lawther April 23, 1S78, andI hereby disclaim the process therein described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. The herein-described process for the extraction of oil, consisting in subjecting the material'from which the oil is to be extracted to direct contact with snperheated or dry steam of such a high temperature that only suiiicient moisture is applied to the material to take the place of the oil in the cells, and then expressing the oil, substantially as set forth.

2. The herein-described process for the extraction of oil, consisting in subjecting the material from which the oil is to be extracted to direct contact with superheated or dry steam, and thereby opening the oil-cells and preparing the material for the extraction of the oil without moistening it, and then expressing the oil by mechanical force, substantially as set forth.

3. In the extraction of oil, the improvement which consists in subjecting oleaginous material to the direct action of steam, and thereby opening the oilcells without moistening the material treated, and then expressing the oil, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signatu re in presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES FREDERICK BINDER, Witnesses:

S. L. IIILLYER, A. P. Woon.

IOO 

